While we sleep, many essential functions take place that help the body in physical recovery and repair, support brain development, cardiac function and body metabolism, support learning, and improve memory and mood. Without sleep, the body and mind breaks down. It isn't clear how long humans can genuinely survive without sleep. But it is clear that extreme symptoms can begin in as little as 36 hours.

This includes reduced thinking ability, poor decision-making, and speech impairment. Pulling an all-nighter once every couple of months won't do any long-term damage, yet if we are not getting the right amount of sleep each night, over time this cumulative effect can be detrimental to our long-term health.